The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is one of the most significant civil rights laws in U.S. education. Enacted in 1975, IDEA ensures that children with disabilities have the right to a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) delivered in the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE). Before IDEA was passed, millions of children with disabilities were denied access to public schools or educated in separate settings with limited expectations. IDEA established legal protections rooted in equity, access, and inclusion, and made participation in public education a guaranteed right rather than a privilege.
SCOE Special Education Programs
For decades, the Sacramento County Office of Education (SCOE) has been widely recognized for pioneering numerous programs in the special education field. A few Special Education Program highlights include:
- Launching the Infant Development Program in 1976 to serve children (birth to age three) countywide who have delays in one or more areas of development
- Launching a program in 1980 (at what is now Leo A. Palmiter Junior/Senior High School) to provide behavioral and career technical support to students (grades 7–12) with emotional disabilities
- Providing programs through the Foundations Academy for students (ages 3–22) with emotional disabilities, severe cognitive/physical/medical disabilities, or autism
- Establishing the first MOVE (Mobility Opportunities Via Education) Model Site in Northern California to empower children with severe orthopedic impairments
- Serving students at El Centro Junior/Senior High School (the Juvenile Court School located inside the Sacramento County Youth Detention Facility) and at three Community School sites that provide an alternative educational program for students from local school districts
- Building district partnerships through Family and Community Engagement (FACE) Network to engage families, schools, and communities, including families of children with disabilities
SCOE also operates a number of projects funded by the California Department of Education (CDE) Special Education Division. SCOE co-leads the new California Center for Inclusive College (CCIC) to expand programs for postsecondary students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Seeds of Partnership, a training and technical assistance program with a focus on family engagement and school partnerships, supports 33 Family Empowerment Centers. Robin Ryan, the Seeds of Partnership Coordinator, is one of several guests invited to speak at an IDEA celebration ceremony being held by CDE this February.
SCOE continues to be involved in a variety of short- and long-term initiatives that support and advance services for students with disabilities—including their families and the educators who serve them. One of the top priorities of the Sacramento County Board of Education continues to be working to advance equity within SCOE and school districts.
Learn More About IDEA and Get Ideas for Classroom Activities
In recognition of IDEA’s 50th anniversary, the Sacramento County Special Education Local Plan Area (SELPA) has partnered with the SELPA Administrators of California to share a monthly series of teacher resources and disability highlights. Topics, including suggestions for possible school activities, encompass accessibility, inclusion, student voice, and transition to postsecondary life. It also highlights the accomplishments of California pioneers whose advocacy shaped disability rights and inclusive education.
- Monthly resources and classroom activities
Please check back. Materials will be available soon.
SCOE helped the Sacramento County SELPA mark the 50-year milestone by hosting a display in its lobby this January for visitors to learn about the history, progress, and lasting impact of IDEA.
IDEA Background
Originally passed as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, IDEA emerged from the broader civil rights movement and was influenced by landmark court cases such as Brown v. Board of Education and PARC v. Pennsylvania. Over time, amendments expanded disability categories, strengthened parental involvement, emphasized transition services, and aligned special education with general education reform. IDEA continues to be the foundation of special education nationwide, promoting meaningful educational outcomes for students with disabilities.